Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023
BSA section list with Evidence Act equivalent
All 170 sections of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023. Tap a section for its full text and the old Evidence Act section it replaced. Have an old Evidence Act number instead? Use the converter or the Evidence Act → BSA list.
Sections 1–50
- BSA 1 · Evidence Act 1Short title, application and commencement
- BSA 2 · Evidence Act 3 Interpret ation clause, 3, para 1, 4, para 3Definitions
- BSA 3 · Evidence Act 5Evidence may be given of facts in issue and relevant facts
- BSA 4 · Evidence Act 6Relevancy of facts forming part of same transaction
- BSA 5 · Evidence Act 7Facts which are occasion, cause or effect of facts in issue or relevant facts
- BSA 6 · Evidence Act 8Motive, preparation and previous or subsequent conduct
- BSA 7 · Evidence Act 9Facts necessary to explain or introduce fact in issue or relevant facts
- BSA 8 · Evidence Act 10Things said or done by conspirator in reference to common design
- BSA 9 · Evidence Act 11When facts not otherwise relevant become relevant
- BSA 10 · Evidence Act 12Facts tending to enable Court to determine amount are relevant in suits for damages
- BSA 11 · Evidence Act 13Facts relevant when right or custom is in question
- BSA 12 · Evidence Act 14Facts showing existence of state of mind, or of body or bodily feeling
- BSA 13 · Evidence Act 15Facts bearing on question whether act was accidental or intentional
- BSA 14 · Evidence Act 16Existence of course of business when relevant
- BSA 15 · Evidence Act 17Admission defined
- BSA 16 · Evidence Act 18Admission by party to proceeding or his agent
- BSA 17 · Evidence Act 19Admissions by persons whose position must be proved as against party to suit
- BSA 18 · Evidence Act 20Admissions by persons expressly referred to by party to suit
- BSA 19 · Evidence Act 21Proof of admissions against persons making them, and by or on their behalf
- BSA 20 · Evidence Act 22When oral admissions as to contents of documents are relevant
- BSA 21 · Evidence Act 23Admissions in civil cases when relevant
- BSA 22 · Evidence Act 24Confession caused by inducement, threat, coercion or promise, when irrelevant in criminal proceeding
- BSA 23 · Evidence Act 25, 26Confession to police officer
- BSA 24 · Evidence Act 30Consideration of proved confession affecting person making it and others jointly under trial for same offence
- BSA 25 · Evidence Act 31Admissions not conclusive proof, but may estop
- BSA 26 · Evidence Act 32Cases in which statement of relevant fact by person who is dead or cannot be found, etc., is relevant
- BSA 27 · Evidence Act 33Relevancy of certain evidence for proving, in subsequent proceeding, truth of facts therein stated
- BSA 28 · Evidence Act 34Entries in books of account when relevant
- BSA 29 · Evidence Act 35Relevancy of entry in public record or an electronic record made in performance of duty
- BSA 30 · Evidence Act 36Relevancy of statements in maps, charts and plans
- BSA 31 · Evidence Act 37Relevancy of statement as to fact of public nature contained in certain Acts or notifications
- BSA 32 · Evidence Act 38Relevancy of statements as to any law contained in law books including electronic or digital form
- BSA 33 · Evidence Act 39What evidence to be given when statement forms part of a conversation, document, electronic record, book or series of letters or papers
- BSA 34 · Evidence Act 40Previous judgments relevant to bar a second suit or trial
- BSA 35 · Evidence Act 41Relevancy of certain judgments in probate, etc., jurisdiction
- BSA 36 · Evidence Act 42Relevancy and effect of judgments, orders or decrees, other than those mentioned in section 35
- BSA 37 · Evidence Act 43Judgments, etc., other than those mentioned in sections 34, 35 and 36 when relevant
- BSA 38 · Evidence Act 44Fraud or collusion in obtaining judgment, or incompetency of Court, may be proved
- BSA 39 · Evidence Act 45, 45AOpinions of experts
- BSA 40 · Evidence Act 46Facts bearing upon opinions of experts
- BSA 41 · Evidence Act 47, 47AOpinion as to handwriting and signature, when relevant
- BSA 42 · Evidence Act 48Opinion as to existence of general custom or right, when relevant
- BSA 43 · Evidence Act 49Opinion as to usages, tenets, etc., when relevant
- BSA 44 · Evidence Act 50Opinion on relationship, when relevant
- BSA 45 · Evidence Act 51Grounds of opinion, when relevant
- BSA 46 · Evidence Act 52In civil cases character to prove conduct imputed, irrelevant
- BSA 47 · Evidence Act 53In criminal cases previous good character relevant
- BSA 48 · Evidence Act 53AEvidence of character or previous sexual experience not relevant in certain cases
- BSA 49 · Evidence Act 54Previous bad character not relevant, except in reply
- BSA 50 · Evidence Act 55Character as affecting damages
Sections 51–100
- BSA 51 · Evidence Act 56Fact judicially noticeable need not be proved
- BSA 52 · Evidence Act 57Facts of which Court shall take judicial notice
- BSA 53 · Evidence Act 58Facts admitted need not be proved
- BSA 54 · Evidence Act 59Proof of facts by oral evidence
- BSA 55 · Evidence Act 60Oral evidence to be direct
- BSA 56 · Evidence Act 61Proof of contents of documents
- BSA 57 · Evidence Act 62Primary evidence
- BSA 58 · Evidence Act 63Secondary evidence
- BSA 59 · Evidence Act 64Proof of documents by primary evidence
- BSA 60 · Evidence Act 65Cases in which secondary evidence relating to documents maybe given
- BSA 61Electronic or digital record
- BSA 62 · Evidence Act 65ASpecial provisions as to evidence relating to electronic record
- BSA 63 · Evidence Act 65BAdmissibility of electronic records
- BSA 64 · Evidence Act 66Rules as to notice to produce
- BSA 65 · Evidence Act 67Proof of signature and handwriting of person alleged to have signed or written document produced
- BSA 66 · Evidence Act 67AProof as to electronic signature
- BSA 67 · Evidence Act 68Proof of execution of document required by law to be attested
- BSA 68 · Evidence Act 69Proof where no attesting witness found
- BSA 69 · Evidence Act 70Admission of execution by party to attested document
- BSA 70 · Evidence Act 71Proof when attesting witness denies execution
- BSA 71 · Evidence Act 72Proof of document not required by law to be attested
- BSA 72 · Evidence Act 73Comparison of signature, writing or seal with others admitted or proved
- BSA 73 · Evidence Act 73AProof as to verification of digital signature
- BSA 74 · Evidence Act 74, 75Public and private documents
- BSA 75 · Evidence Act 76Certified copies of public documents
- BSA 76 · Evidence Act 77Proof of documents by production of certified copies
- BSA 77 · Evidence Act 78Proof of other official documents
- BSA 78 · Evidence Act 79Presumption as to genuineness of certified copies
- BSA 79 · Evidence Act 80Presumption as to documents produced as record of evidence, etc
- BSA 80 · Evidence Act 81Presumption as to Gazettes, newspapers, and other documents
- BSA 81 · Evidence Act 81APresumption as to Gazettes in electronic or digital record
- BSA 82 · Evidence Act 83Presumption as to maps or plans made by authority of Government
- BSA 83 · Evidence Act 84Presumption as to collections of laws and reports of decisions
- BSA 84 · Evidence Act 85Presumption as to powers-of-attorney
- BSA 85 · Evidence Act 85APresumption as to electronic agreements
- BSA 86 · Evidence Act 85BPresumption as to electronic records and electronic signatures
- BSA 87 · Evidence Act 85CPresumption as to Electronic Signature Certificates
- BSA 88 · Evidence Act 86Presumption as to certified copies of foreign judicial records
- BSA 89 · Evidence Act 87Presumption as to books, maps and charts
- BSA 90 · Evidence Act 88APresumption as to electronic messages
- BSA 91 · Evidence Act 89Presumption as to due execution, etc., of documents not produced
- BSA 92 · Evidence Act 90Presumption as to documents thirty years old
- BSA 93 · Evidence Act 90APresumption as to electronic records five years old
- BSA 94 · Evidence Act 91Evidence of terms of contracts, grants and other dispositions of property reduced to form of document
- BSA 95 · Evidence Act 92Exclusion of evidence of oral agreement
- BSA 96 · Evidence Act 93Exclusion of evidence to explain or amend ambiguous document
- BSA 97 · Evidence Act 94Exclusion of evidence against application of document to existing facts
- BSA 98 · Evidence Act 95Evidence as to document unmeaning in reference to existing facts
- BSA 99 · Evidence Act 96Evidence as to application of language which can apply to one only of several persons
- BSA 100 · Evidence Act 97. Evidence as to application of language to one of two sets of facts, to neither of which the whole correctly applies
Sections 101–150
- BSA 101 · Evidence Act 98Evidence as to meaning of illegible characters, etc
- BSA 102 · Evidence Act 99Who may give evidence of agreement varying terms of document
- BSA 103 · Evidence Act 100Saving of provisions of Indian Succession Act relating to wills
- BSA 104 · Evidence Act 101Burden of proof
- BSA 105 · Evidence Act 102On whom burden of proof lies
- BSA 106 · Evidence Act 103Burden of proof as to particular fact
- BSA 107 · Evidence Act 104Burden of proving fact to be proved to make evidence admissible
- BSA 108 · Evidence Act 105Burden of proving that case of accused comes within exceptions
- BSA 109 · Evidence Act 106Burden of proving fact especially within knowledge
- BSA 110 · Evidence Act 107Burden of proving death of person known to have been alive within thirty years
- BSA 111 · Evidence Act 108Burden of proving that person is alive who has not been heard of for seven years
- BSA 112 · Evidence Act 109Burden of proof as to relationship in the cases of partners, landlord and tenant, principal and agent
- BSA 113 · Evidence Act 110Burden of proof as to ownership
- BSA 114 · Evidence Act 111Proof of good faith in transactions where one party is in relation of active confidence
- BSA 115 · Evidence Act 111APresumption as to certain offences
- BSA 116 · Evidence Act 112Birth during marriage, conclusive proof of legitimacy
- BSA 117 · Evidence Act 113APresumption as to abetment of suicide by a married woman
- BSA 118 · Evidence Act 113BPresumption as to dowry death
- BSA 119 · Evidence Act 114Court may presume existence of certain facts
- BSA 120 · Evidence Act 114APresumption as to absence of consent in certain prosecution for rape
- BSA 121 · Evidence Act 115Estoppel
- BSA 122 · Evidence Act 116Estoppel of tenant and of licensee of person in possession
- BSA 123 · Evidence Act 117Estoppel of acceptor of bill of exchange, bailee or licensee
- BSA 124 · Evidence Act 118Who may testify
- BSA 125 · Evidence Act 119Witness unable to communicate verbally
- BSA 126 · Evidence Act 120Competency of husband and wife as witnesses in certain cases
- BSA 127 · Evidence Act 121Judges and Magistrates
- BSA 128 · Evidence Act 122Communications during marriage
- BSA 129 · Evidence Act 123Evidence as to affairs of State
- BSA 130 · Evidence Act 124Official communications
- BSA 131 · Evidence Act 125Information as to commission of offences
- BSA 132 · Evidence Act 126, 127Professional communications
- BSA 133 · Evidence Act 128Privilege not waived by volunteering evidence
- BSA 134 · Evidence Act 129Confidential communication with legal advisers
- BSA 135 · Evidence Act 130Production of title-deeds of witness not a party
- BSA 136 · Evidence Act 131Production of documents or electronic records which another person, having possession, could refuse to produce
- BSA 137 · Evidence Act 132Witness not excused from answering on ground that answer will criminate
- BSA 138 · Evidence Act 133Accomplice
- BSA 139 · Evidence Act 134Number of witnesses
- BSA 140 · Evidence Act 135Order of production and examination of witnesses
- BSA 141 · Evidence Act 136Judge to decide as to admissibility of evidence
- BSA 142 · Evidence Act 137Examination of witnesses
- BSA 143 · Evidence Act 138Order of examinations
- BSA 144 · Evidence Act 139Cross examination of person called to produce a document
- BSA 145 · Evidence Act 140Witnesses to character
- BSA 146 · Evidence Act 141, 142, 143Leading questions
- BSA 147 · Evidence Act 144Evidence as to matters in writing
- BSA 148 · Evidence Act 145Cross examination as to previous statements in writing
- BSA 149 · Evidence Act 146Questions lawful in cross examination
- BSA 150 · Evidence Act 147When witness to be compelled to answer
Sections 151–170
- BSA 151 · Evidence Act 148Court to decide when question shall be asked and when witness compelled to answer
- BSA 152 · Evidence Act 149Question not to be asked without reasonable grounds
- BSA 153 · Evidence Act 150Procedure of Court in case of question being asked without reasonable grounds
- BSA 154 · Evidence Act 151Indecent and scandalous questions
- BSA 155 · Evidence Act 152Questions intended to insult or annoy
- BSA 156 · Evidence Act 153Exclusion of evidence to contradict answers to questions testing veracity
- BSA 157 · Evidence Act 154Question by party to his own witness
- BSA 158 · Evidence Act 155Impeaching credit of witness
- BSA 159 · Evidence Act 156Questions tending to corroborate evidence of relevant fact, admissible
- BSA 160 · Evidence Act 157Former statements of witness may be proved to corroborate later testimony as to same fact
- BSA 161 · Evidence Act 158What matters may be proved in connection with proved statement relevant under section 26 or 27
- BSA 162 · Evidence Act 159Refreshing memory
- BSA 163 · Evidence Act 160Testimony to facts stated in document mentioned in section 162
- BSA 164 · Evidence Act 161Right of adverse party as to writing used to refresh memory
- BSA 165 · Evidence Act 162Production of documents
- BSA 166 · Evidence Act 163Giving, as evidence, of document called for and produced on notice
- BSA 167 · Evidence Act 164Using, as evidence, of document production of which was refused on notice
- BSA 168 · Evidence Act 165Judge's power to put questions or order production
- BSA 169 · Evidence Act 167No new trial for improper admission or rejection of evidence
- BSA 170Repeal and savings