Indian Evidence Act, 1872 → Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023
IEA 4, para 2BSA 2(1)(l)
shall presume
BSA 2(1) full section — bare act text and what changed →
Canonical: https://www.vakilpedia.com/iea-4-para-2-to-bsa
What changed
- No change.
Drafting-ready
Under Section 2(1)(l) of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (formerly Section 4, para 2 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872)...
Bare act text — BSA 2(1)(l)
(l) “shall presume”.—Whenever it is directed by this Adhiniyam that the Court shall presume a fact, it shall regard such fact as proved, unless and until it is disproved. 10
Frequently asked
What is IEA 4, para 2 equivalent in BSA?
IEA Section 4, para 2 (shall presume) corresponds to Section 2(1)(l) of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA).
What changed between IEA 4, para 2 and BSA 2(1)(l)?
No change.
How do I cite BSA 2(1)(l) in a pleading?
Under Section 2(1)(l) of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (formerly Section 4, para 2 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872)...
Need another section? The full converter covers IEA to BSA, CrPC to BNSS and IEA to BSA.
Open the converterNearby IEA sections
- IEA 3, para 4 → BSA 2(1)(g) — facts in issue
- IEA 4, para 1 → BSA 2(1)(h) — may presume
- IEA 3, para 9 → BSA 2(1)(i) — not proved
- IEA 3, para 7 → BSA 2(1)(j) — proved
- IEA 3, para 3 → BSA 2(1)(k) — relevant
- IEA New → BSA 2(2) — Words and expressions
- IEA 5 → BSA 3 — Evidence maybe given of facts in issue and relevant facts
- IEA 6 → BSA 4 — Relevancy of facts forming part of same transaction
- IEA 7 → BSA 5 — Facts which are occasion, cause or effect of facts in issue or relevant facts
- IEA 8 → BSA 6 — Motive, preparation and previous or subsequent conduct
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- IPC 506 → BNS 351(2)/(3) — Criminal intimidation punishment
- CrPC 151 → BNSS 170 — Arrest to prevent the commission of cognizable offences
- IPC 292 → BNS 294 — Sale, etc., of obscene books, etc
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